Reconstruction surgery therefore involves replacing your torn ligament with a tissue graft. Most ACL tears can’t be stitched back together. If you have an ACL tear and participate in physically demanding sports, have an active lifestyle and are in good health, your consultant may recommend ACL reconstruction.
Wearing a knee brace - this will help keep your knee stable. Physiotherapy - a physiotherapist will suggest specific exercises to restore knee function and strengthen your leg muscles. Crutches - this will prevent you from putting too much weight on your knee your doctor may suggest you use crutches while wearing a knee brace. If you have a torn ligament in your knee and don’t participate in physically demanding sports, your doctor may suggest non-surgical treatments. If you have a partial or complete ACL tear, your doctor will advise you about non-surgical and surgical treatments. Wrapping your knee with a bandage or wrap. Taking over-the-counter painkillers (eg paracetamol) to relieve the pain. Placing ice on your knee for 20 minutes at a time every couple of hours. You can help reduce the knee pain and swelling of an ACL sprain by: Alternatively, your consultant may recommend reconstruction surgery to rebuild a torn ACL, particularly if you are a young athlete wanting to return to sports. Non-surgical treatment may provide your knee with the stability and mobility you need - this is often recommended for less active and/or older individuals. Your treatment will depend on your individual needs. Stopping abruptly or slowing down when running. Landing awkwardly after jumping or falling. Direct contact eg a blow to the knee or a collision during a rugby tackle. 
Use sports equipment incorrectly or equipment that isn't well-maintained eg using ski bindings that aren't properly adjusted. Play sports when you aren't in good physical condition for them. Play sports on artificial turf surfaces. Play certain sports eg basketball, downhill skiing, football, gymnastics and rugby. Oestrogen levels - women have higher oestrogen levels and this hormone affects the ligaments. Muscle control, muscle strength and physical conditioning. Ligament looseness - women tend to have looser ligaments. Are a woman - in some sports, women have ACL injuries more than men and it is suggested to be caused by differences in:. You’re at a higher risk of ACL injury if you: Half of all ACL injuries occur alongside other knee injuries eg damage to articular cartilage or other ligaments, or a meniscus tear. ACL injuries are usually minor sprains or complete tears. 
Complete ACL tear - the ligament has been ripped apart (ruptured) ie split into two pieces and the knee joint is unstable this is also called a grade 3 sprain. Partial ACL tear - the ligament has been stretched to the point of being loose and its fibres have torn this is also called a grade 2 sprain. ACL sprain - the ligament has been stretched and has a few damaged fibres but can still help stabilise the knee joint this is also called a grade 1 sprain. The ACL prevents your shinbone sliding in front of your thighbone and ACL injury is a very common knee injury. Medial collateral ligament (MCL) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) - these control the sideways motion of your knee and brace against sudden jerks or unusual movements they are on the sides of your knee, with the MCL on the inside and the LCL on the outsideĭamage can occur to any of these ligaments. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) - these control the back and forth motion of your knee and cross each other diagonally to make an X shape the ACL sits in the middle of your knee in front of the PCL, which is at the back of the knee. There are four main ligaments in your knee that hold the bones together and stabilise your knee: These bones are connected by powerful bands of tissue called ligaments. Kneecap (patella) - this sits at the front of your knee joint to protect it. Your knee joint is where three bones meet your:
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